2004和2006年陕西省燃煤型地方性氟砷中毒健康教育效果评价

An outcome analysis of health education on prevention program of coal-type endemic fluorine, arsenic poisoning in Shaanxi in 2004 and 2006

目的评估2004和2006年陕西省燃煤型地方性氟、砷中毒健康教育干预效果。方法2004年抽取汉滨、平利、紫阳、汉阴4个县（区）作为调查地区，2006年除以上4个县（区）外，增加了镇坪、石泉和岚皋3个县作为调查地区。每个县（区）各抽取2所小学，2个村作为调查点。每所学校抽取5年级学生50名，每个村抽取25．50岁家庭主妇30名作为观察对象。参照（（2004年中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目技术方案》中健康教育与健康促进问卷，调查在校小学生和家庭主妇掌握地方性氟、砷中毒防治基本知识情况。结果2004、2006年在校小学生平均成绩分别为54．7、83．6分，及格率分别为57．5％（230／400）、90．2％（629／697）；家庭主妇平均成绩分别为59．7、83．9分，及格率分别为59．6％（143／240）、87．6％（338／386）。结论陕西省燃煤型地方性氟、砷中毒防治项目地区在校小学生和家庭主妇防氟、砷健康教育知识水平明显提高。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on controlling endemic fluorosis in Shaanxi Province between 2004 and 2006. Methods Hanbin, Pingli, Ziyang and Hanyin were selected for the investigation in 2004; in addition to the four areas, Zhengping, Shiquan and Langao were also for the investigation in 2006. Two schools were selected in each area, and 2 villages as the investigation spots. Fifty pupils in the fifth grade in each school, and 30 housewives between 25 - 50 years old in each village were chosen as the research subjects. Referring to the health education questionnaire in Technique Scheme of Endemic Disease Prevention Granted by Central Government of 2004, the degree of health education of endemic fluorine, arsenic poisoning in pupils and housewives were investigated. Results In 2004 and 2006, the average mark of pupils in school was 54.7 and 83.6, the pass rate was 57.5% （230/400） and 90.2% （629/697）, respectively; the average mark of housewives was 59.7 and 83.9, the passing rate was 59.6% （143/240）, 87.6% （338/386） respectively, indicating that the outcome was improved obviously in 2006 compared to that in 2004. Conclusions In the past three years, health knowledge of endemic arsenic and fluorosis has been improved among pupils and housewives in these areas.