有氧运动对人全基因组表达的影响

Effect of aerobic exercise on genome expression in human skeletal muscle

目的:观察有氧运动对骨骼肌全基因组表达的影响。方法:选择6名某部队干休所中很少运动、年龄(66±9)岁的健康老年人集进行为期12周太极拳训练。运动前和运动12周后,所有受试都进行了体质评估。测试指标包括身高、体质量、肺活量、台阶指数、最大摄氧量。在训练前后分别对实验对象进行肌活验,提取总RNA,经处理后与AffymetrixU133A基因芯片进行杂交,分析数据。结果:有氧运动可明显改善老年人心肺功能,同时有一定降低体脂(减肥)功效。有氧运动使老年人骨骼肌全基因组表达发生明显改变,筛选出725条表达有差异的基因。本文对表达差异最显著的20条差异表达基因进行研究(3条基因表达上调,17条基因表达下调)。根据基因功能分类对比,差异表达基因分别归属8种细胞组分和生物过程,经KEGG搜索找到4条基因的代谢途径。结论:有氧运动可使三羧酸循环相关酶基因表达上调,肌肉蛋白合成相关基因和神经鞘脂类相关基因表达下调,提示有氧运动有助于保护神经细胞的完整性,对抗衰老有积极作用,同时可加速体内脂类物质有氧代谢。

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on genome expression in human skeletal muscle. METHODS： Six healthy sedentary elderly men aged （66＋9） years were selected from military cadre retirement centers and participated in aerobic exercise for 12 weeks. All subjects received physical fitness examination before exercise and 12 weeks after exercise. Testing indices included height, weight, vital capacity, step index and maximal oxygen uptake. Needle biopsies were obtained from the skeletal muscle before and after the last training. Total RNA extracted from the samples was hybridized to Affymetrix U 133A platform, the gene expression datum was analyzed. RESULTS： Aerobic exercise was shown to improve cardiorespiratory function and reduce body fat of elder subjects. It could alter the genome expression in human skeletal muscle, the number of genes that passed filtering criteria was 725. The most differently expressed genes （n=20） were investigated in this study, in which there were 3 upregulated and 17 downregulated. According to gene function annotations, the differential genes were classified into 8 categories which concerned cellular component and biological process, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） searching showed 4 genes＇ metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION： Systematic aerobic exercise upregulates expression of enzyme genes concerning tricarboxylic acid cycle, and downregulates expression of genes concerning muscle protein synthesis and sphingolipid. It is suggested that aerobic exercise is good to protect human nerves＇ integrity, exerts positive action on anti-aging and accelerate the aerobic metabolism of lipid materials in vivo.