北京市能源结构调整过程中生态环境压力的转移

Environmental Stress Transfer during the Process of Energy Consumption Structure Adjustment in Beijing

能源结构调整对能源消费地的环境改善有重要作用,优质清洁能源尤其是电力资源消费比例的提升,很大程度上缓解了由于煤炭等能源燃烧产生的环境污染,但是对于能源产地,清洁能源的开采、生产同样对生态环境产生影响,因此,能源流动的同时引起了生态环境压力的转移。本文以北京市为研究对象,选取能源结构调整中的重点——电力资源,分析电力资源输入对北京市产生的环境效益以及对电力输出地产生的环境影响,量化电力输入过程中生态环境压力的转移情况。研究表明,2000～2006年,北京市由于电力输入转移二氧化硫排放108.07万吨,转移环境经济损失121.16亿元。以2006年电力消费量为基准,北京市电力消费增加1%,则增加电力输出地环境经济损失5.2亿元。

The structure adjustment of energy consumption helps to improve the environment of energy-input areas. The use of clean energy relives the environmental pollution to a great degree, but the exploitation and production of clean energies also have an impact on the environment. So the energy flow may lead to the transfer of environmental pressure. This article chose electricity power consumption in Beijing as the study object, and analyzed the improvement to environment by the power input and the environmental degeneration by energy output, and quantified the transformation of environmental pressure. The results indicate that the city of Beijing reduced SO2 emission by 108.07× 10^4t due to the input of electricity power, the environmental economic loss is 121.16× 10^8yuan. The loss will increase 5.2× 10^8yuan when the electricity consumption increase 1% according to the consumption in 2006.