小流域综合治理生态效益估算与国民经济评价

Calculation of Ecological Benefits and Evaluation of National Economy for Small Watershed Comprehensive Management

文章运用环境经济学的理论与方法,选择陕西省咸阳市彬县黄土高原水土保持项目为研究对象,采用影子价格等方法对水土保持和改良土壤、保护和涵养水源、固碳供氧及维持景观效益进行定量化计算,在此基础上,把生态效益纳入到水土保持项目的国民经济评价中去,科学地评价水土保持工程建设成果和国家的投资效益,得出黄土高原陕西彬县项目区水土保持项目国民经济评价合理,修正后的生态效益为34.60亿元,远大于直接经济效益24.20亿元,是评价水土保持项目不可忽视的指标。

Analysis on quantification and monetization of ecological benefits has been weak links for benefits evaluation of water and soil conservation. Ecological benefits of water and soil conservation are rarely included in the criteria of national economic evaluation for water and soil conservation projects. This paper use theory and method of environmental economics, taking the water and soil conservation project on Loess Plateau in Bin County of Shanxi Province as example, calculating on the quantification of ecological benefits, such as the benefit of water storage, the benefit of soil carbon, the benefit of soil storage and the benefit of soil nutrition storage, adding ecological benefits to the criteria of national economic evaluation of water and soil conservation, the construction results of projects and the national investment benefits should be evaluated scientifically. Ecological benefits of the water and soil conservation are far more than the direct economic benefits on Loess Plateau in Bin County, which is the no negligible evaluation index.