载人潜器阻力和有效功率的数值计算与试验

Numerical calculation and model tests for drag and power prediction of a manned submersible

在载人潜器的初步设计阶段,为了预报其阻力性能及有效功率以配置合适的动力装置,对载人潜器的主要附体进行简化,并忽略支架、观察窗和小型推进器等附体,得到与载人潜器构型相近的计算模型.该文采用RNGk-ε湍流模型,用有限体积法对载人潜器计算模型周围绕流场进行了数值模拟,计算了潜器纵向航行时的阻力性能和有效功率.设计潜器拖带装置,在船模拖曳水池中完成了潜器模型的阻力试验,经过分析和处理,得到与该类构型相近潜器的一种阻力及有效功率的试验预报方法.将数值计算结果与试验数据进行对比分析,得出形状简化因子,并应用于载人潜器的阻力及有效功率预报的数值计算中.结果表明引入形状简化因子后,随着航速增加载人潜器阻力及有效功率的数值计算结果与试验换算值的变化趋势相一致.

Prediction of drag and effective power of a manned submersible would allow selection of appropriate propulsive sources in preliminary design. To accomplish this, a manned submersible model was transformed into a similar computational model, where principal appendages were broken down into simpler forms with brackets, observation windows and diminutive thrusters ignored. To predict the drag and power requirements of the submersible moving at various headings, the flow field around it was numerically simulated with the renormalization group （RNG） k turbulence model in a framework derived from the finite volume method. A towing device was specially designed and tests of a physical model in a towing tank were conducted as well. Analysis and treatment was needed to overcome difficulties of dynamic similitude at high speeds. This resulted in a method of predicting the drag and effective power of similar types of submersibles. The computational and tested results were compared, and a form factor was analyzed and applied to predict the drag and required power of the manned submersible. The comparison of the corresponding drag and effective power of the manned submersible shows that there appears similar changing tendency as the speed increases.