农业保险补贴效率的影响因素分析——以新疆、黑龙江和江苏省农户的支付意愿数据为例

Analysis of Influencing Factors to the Efficiency of Agricultural Insurance Subsidy——A Data Research of Willingness-to-pay in Xinjiang,Heilongjiang and Jiangsu Province

预算约束通常要求极大化政策支持的社会福利。在其他条件相同的情况下,政策性农业保险补贴的社会福利取决于农民对于农业保险的需求:补贴的数量和补贴后可能得到的福利都取决于农民的真实需求。在缺乏显示性偏好的情况下,支付意愿是一种测定真实需求的常用方法。以新疆棉花保险、黑龙江玉米保险、江苏水稻、小麦保险为研究对象,利用开放的二分选择式的条件估价法(CVM)获取农户对于农业保险的支付意愿(WTP)的数据,通过相关性研究发现,农业保险的支付意愿不仅受家庭收入、产量波动、损失频率、投保作物占家庭收入比重等与农业生产风险相关的因素的影响,同时还受保险意识和对政府信任程度的影响。

Budget constraints usually require maximization of social welfare of any public support expenditure. Holding other conditions constant, the social welfare of policy subsidy to crop insurance depends on farmers＇ demand for crop insurance： both the amount of required subsidy and the potential welfare change are determined by farmers＇ true demand for crop insurance. Lack of revealed preference the willingness-to-pay （WTP） is a widely adopted approach in estimating consumers＇ demand. In this research, the dichotomous choice with open-ended followed up contingent Valuation Method （CVM） is applied to household survey data on WTP collected for cotton insurance in Xinjiang province, corn insurance in Heilongjiang province, and rice ＆ wheat insurance in Jiangsu province to identify the factors influencing farmers＇ willingness to pay for crop insurance programs. The empirical result shows that the yield＇s variation, frequency of losses caused by natural hazards, family income and its share in insured crop, extent of trust on government＇s policy, and farmers＇ knowledge of crop insurance are affecting farmers＇ willingness to pay for crop insurance program with statistical significance.