不同年级留学生汉语词义习得特点的实验研究

On the Characteristics of Foreign Students' Acquisition of Chinese Lexical Meanings

本文采用对判断选项词和目标词意义相同的程度进行排序的实验方法,系统地探讨不同年级留学生汉语词汇的词义习得特点。结果表明,低年级留学生习得的只是词汇意义,中年级留学生可以同时习得词汇意义和词性意义,而高年级留学生对汉语词汇的词汇意义、词性意义和搭配意义均有较好的掌握。留学生汉语词汇词义的习得随年级而发展,词义随着年级逐渐分化、精确化;留学生首先习得的是词汇意义,其次是词性意义,搭配意义习得最晚。

The paper uses the experimental methods of sequencing likelihood degrees of getting right answer from choices to explore foreign students＇ characteristics of acquiring and developing meanings of Chinese lexicon. For students in low grades,the acquired meaning of lexicon was mainly the semantic meaning and they hadn＇t got a good grasp of meanings of part of speech and matching;For students in middle grades,the acquired meanings were mainly the semantic meaning and the meaning of part of speech and they hadn＇t got a good grasp of matching meaning;Until to the high grades,foreign students had acquired the three meanings of Chinese lexicon and could differentiate them better.