西南两县13～17岁受艾滋病影响儿童心理状况分析

Psychological status of children affected by HIV/AIDS aged 13 to 17 in two southwest counties of China

目的了解我国西南两县受艾滋病影响的儿童心理状况。方法采用典型抽样方法,在西南两县抽取了受艾滋病影响的13~17岁儿童100名,非受艾滋病影响的13~17岁儿童116名。使用儿童心理状况调查表进行入户调查。结果与非受艾滋病影响儿童相比,受艾滋病影响儿童心理状况普遍不良。在心理九维度中,差异有统计学意义的为情绪维度,受影响儿童平均分为2.39,非受影响儿童平均分为2.64。在具体问题中,觉得自己有时伤心得想哭的受艾滋病影响儿童的比例达61.0%,而非受艾滋病影响儿童为42.2% 不能让自己高兴起来的受影响儿童的比例为36.0%,非受艾滋病影响儿童为18.1% 认为＂我与其他人相处挺好＂的受艾滋病影响儿童的比例为87.0%,非受艾滋病影响儿童为95.7%。以上3个问题经检验差异有统计学意义。结论受艾滋病影响儿童的心理状况普遍不如非受艾滋病影响儿童好,主要表现为情绪不良、社会交往较差。

Objective To understand the psychological status of children affected by HIV/AIDS in two southwest counties of China. Methods With typical sampling, 100 children affected by HIV/AIDS aged 13 to 17 were conducted a survey in two southwest counties of China, and 116 children from families not affected by AIDS were surveyed as the control group. Psychological questionnaire was used for household survey. Results The psychological status of children affected by HIV/AIDS was generally worse compared with children from families non-affected. In the 9 dimensions of psychology, the mood dimension had significant difference; the average scores of the children affected and the children non-affected were 2. 39 and 2. 64, respectively. 61.0% of the children affected by HIV/AIDS wept often because of grief, whereas that of the non-affected children was 42. 2%. The rate of children affected by HIV/AIDS unable to feel happy was 36. 0%, nearly twice as much as that of the non-affected children （ 18. 1% ）. 87.0% of the children affected by HIV/AIDS felt comfortable to get along with their peers, while that of the non-affected children was 95.7%. Conclusion The psychologi- cal status of children affected by HIV/AIDS was generally worse compared with children from families non-affected. The psy- chological pressure was great and the capability for social communication was low among children affected by HIV/AIDS.