从静态封闭走向动态开放的语言符号研究——任意性与象似性问题研究的方法论比较

Linguistic Signs Research from Static Closeness to Dynamic Openness:a Methodological Comparison of Researches of the Arbitrariness and the Ionicity

本文比较语言符号的任意性和象似性问题长期探讨的方法论后指出，任意性和象似性原则只是语言符号的不同视角特征体现，它们共生于语言符号的不同层面，彼此之间不存在可比性。符号的本质是任意的，而符号在被人认识和使用的过程中具有普遍存在的象似性。象似性原则的确立是语言符号问题研究从静态封闭走向动态开放的标志，是在索绪尔任意性原则基础上对语言符号研究的深入与发展，这表明了语言符号问题研究方式的多元化趋势。

This paper aims to point out that there exists no comparability between the two characteristics of arbitrariness and iconicity of the linguistic signs. Based on the methodological comparison, it can be concluded that these two characteristics are viewed from different perspectives and they coexist in different aspects of the linguistic signs. The nature of the signs is arbitrary,but when they are recognized and used,they have the universal iconicity. The establishment of the iconicity principle is a mark indicating the process from static closeness to dynamic openness in linguistic sign researches and it is also a further development of Saussurean arbitrariness principle of linguistic signs,which shows the pluralism tendency in the linguistic signs research methods.