铝合金轮毂曲面CNC机械抛光轮廓控制方法研究

Research on Contour Control Method of CNC Mechanical Polishing Machine for Aluminum Alloy Wheel Hub Surface

研发了新型圆柱坐标式五坐标联动轮毂曲面CNC机械抛光专用机床,该机床能实现三个气动或电动抛光轮同步抛光轮毂表面。机床采用双层立式的主体机械结构。抛光轮运动轨迹数据源于轮毂CAD/CAM模型。机床控制系统采用抛光轮位姿和抛光力混合控制策略。实验结果表明,轮毂CNC机械抛光后表面粗糙度与手工抛光的表面粗糙度相当,但抛光效率高10倍以上。

An advanced and novel computer numerical control mechanical polishing machine was developed. The machine is of double--layer and vertical struction, and the five--axis CNC system is based on cylindrical coordinate. The machine was suitable for mechanical polishing aluminum--alloy wheel hubs and can even polish one wheel hub with three polishing tools at the same time. How the machine worked was introduced, and especially how the polishing tools followed the surface was discussed,which was based on the hybrid control of position, orientation and polishing force. The CL data was from the wheel hub＇s CAD/CAM model. Many polishing experiments have showed that the special purpose CNC polishing machine with surface following control system has the same effect on surface roughness as with skilled workers, while the special purpose CNC polishing machine is more efficient and can replace many migrant workers in wheel hub machining.