社会支持在青少年课外锻炼性别差异中的作用

The Effect of Social Support in the Gender Difference of Extra-Curriculum Physical Activity among Adolescents

目的研究社会支持等因素对青少年课外锻炼的影响,促进中学生课外锻炼习惯与健康生活方式的养成。方法采用锻炼社会支持量表、跨理论模型五锻炼阶段量表及自编人口统计学问卷对分层整群选取的706名中学生,通过问卷调查法收集数据资料。结果青少年课外锻炼所处阶段、对课外锻炼的态度、所拥有的积极锻炼伙伴数目等方面存在显著性别差异(P均<0.01);社会支持水平的高低、课外锻炼的态度等与青少年目前课外锻炼所处阶段呈显著正相关(P均<0.01)。结论家人或朋友经常陪伴锻炼、提醒鼓励锻炼或邀请去健身场所锻炼等都会促进青少年锻炼活动的增加及规律锻炼习惯的养成。

Objective To explore the effect of social support on the formation of physical activity habit among adolescent. Methods Physical Activity Social Support Scale and Trans--Theoretical Model 5-stage ＇Activity Algorithm Scale were used to collect the data among 706 student participanted in Changsha middle schools. Results The amount of physical activity social support got from their parents or friends and their attitude toward extra-curriculum physical activity both significantly related to their present action stage （P〈0. 01）; the adolescents＇ present activity stage, their physical activity attitude and their number of active partners they owned all showed significant gender differences （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Physical activity social support from their parents or friends has an important effect on the formation of active lifestyle habit among adolescents.