地表沉陷区铁路安全性预报研究

Security Prediction of Railway in the Land Subsidence Area

地下矿层开采、地下工程施工、存在地下孔硐或地下水流失都会使铁路发生沉陷，甚至出现突然坍塌或沿层面滑移等灾害事故。本文根据岩层与地表移动原理，基于曲面分布矿层、任意形状工作面条件下地表点在任意方向的移动与变形值预报方法，并顾及复杂地质、采矿、地下工程、地形、铁路等级及其附属设施结构等因素，分析铁路遭受地表沉陷影响的特征，推导地表沉陷区铁路移动与变形值预报公式，确定铁路安全性的评估方法，提供防治灾害事故的措施。最后，列举了一个应用实例。

The railway subsidence is caused by underground mining, subsurface projects, existing cavities and groundwater drainage. Based on the principles of ground movement and the methods of predicting ground points movement and deformation in all directions under the condition of seams and faces, considering the essential factors of the complicated geological environments, mining, subsurface engineering, topography, grades of railway and subsidiary structures are comprehensively thought out. The destructive characteristics of railway movement and de formation in the land subsidence area are determined to evalu-ate security of railway, and the useful measures are provided. Finally, a case is given.