“讲故事”过程中的权力争夺——从叙事学角度探究小说《螺丝在拧紧》的性别问题

Power Relationship in Story-telling Activity:A narratological study on gender inequality in The Turn of the Screw

本文主要针对亨利.詹姆斯中篇小说《螺丝在拧紧》的嵌套结构,讨论了处于不同叙事层的三位叙事者在各自叙事过程中所表现的叙事特点,并着重分析了叙事者对显性叙事声音的运用以及对叙事眼光的控制。笔者将三位叙事者之中的两位男性叙事者和一位女性叙事者的叙事特点进行了归纳和对比,探讨了小说中的两性在"说故事"的过程中对待其话语权的不同态度。结合小说的创作背景,笔者试图阐明作者对两性叙事者所采用的不同表现方式恰是从一个侧面反映了19世纪末期美国社会中两性地位的不平等。

This paper addresses a gender issue existing in Henry James＇s The Turn of the Screw. By analyzing and comparing the narrators＇ overt narrative voice as well as narrative perspective, the paper reveals a gender inequality among the two male narrators and the one female narrator in their attitudes towards the act of storytelling. The paper argues that the male power/female powerless model, which is manifested in the speech of three narrators, can be regarded as a potential social norm in the 19th century America.