美国霸权的多边主义行为及其动因

American Hegemony's Multilateralism Behaviors and Motives

二战后美国为了重建世界秩序,大力推动多边主义在国际政治领域的发展,而冷战结束后,作为单极霸权的美国对多边主义采取了一种工具利用的态度。这其中的原因主要是:美国的历史经验决定了美国主要是将多边主义作为一种手段,而不是世界秩序目标之一;不同党派对多边主义的理念不同,因此倾向于采取不同的政策手段来介入世界;对不同对外政策目标的关注,影响了美国决策者对是否采取多边主义战略的考虑。

After World War II, the United States had advocated multilateralism in international politics in order to restructure the world order. However, since the end of the Cold War period, the United States as a country of unipolar hegemony has assumed an instrumental attitude towards multilateralism. This can be mainly accounted for by the following factors. Firstly, the American historical experience determines the American approach of regarding multilateralism as a means instead of an end for international order; Secondly, different parties hold different ideas about multilateralism, resulting in different policies concerning American involvement in international affairs; Thirdly, the concerns about different targets of foreign policies influence American policy makers＇ decision about whether or not a multilateralism strategy should be adopted.