徐复观与伽达默尔:解释学的比较——“意义”和“意味”的张力

Xu Fukuan and Hans-George Gadamer: A Hermeneutical Comparison——The Tension between "meaning" and "significance"

徐复观在具体的思想史和艺术史阐释中所运用的方法具有解释学的理论意义,他的解释学核心是"追体验"。"追体验"契合中国思想的"内在性"特征,它强调理解作为文本、作者与读者之间主客观融合的意味生成过程,这与伽达默尔解释学建基于逻各斯中心基础上、以文本为中心的哲学解释学不同。它一方面吸收了中国古典理解观中"知人论世"和"以意逆志"的合理性,另一方面则以"意义"和"意味"的区分避免了此种解释方法的主观化倾向。在"意义"的指引下,"意味"在作者和文本对读者的理解召唤中生成,化解了"解释学冲突",带来对解释学循环的突破。

The approach that Xu Fukuan adopted in interpreting the concrete ideological and art history has theoretical hermeneutical significance. The core of his hermeneutics is to ＂pursue experience＂, which fits into the inner＇ characteristics of Chinese thought. It emphasizes the meaning generation process in the subjective and objective fusion of text, author and reader. It is dif- ferent from Gadamer＇s hermeneutics which, built on the basis of logos center, is philosophically text-centered. While absorbing the rational elements in Chinese classical hermeneutics such as ＂zhiren lunshi＂ and ＂yiyi nizhi＂, the distinction of ＂meaning＂ and ＂significance＂ prevent it from following a subjective tendency. Under the guidance of ＂meaning＂, ＂significance＂ is generated in the understanding of the reader by the author and text, and hence resolving the ＂conflict in hermeneutics＂ and making a breakthrough into the ＂hermeneutic circle＂.