健康风险评价及其干预研究

Study on Health Risk Appraisal and Efficiency of Intervention

目的研究健康风险评价与干预对促进人类科学生存与发展、预防和控制疾病发生、发展的关系。方法以量表问卷和体格、生化检查相结合的形式,对6 846人进行了风险评价和504人的跟踪干预观察。结果本研究表明,人群中广泛存在各种健康风险因素,其中低度风险者占20.52%,中度风险者占51.07%、高度风险者占28.41%。通过跟踪干预后,可使人群中20%-78%的风险因素得到改善（P〈0.01）、使59.92%的人处于低风险状态（P〈0.01）、医疗支出降低66.30%（P〈0.01）。结论对促进人类科学生存与发展具有积极的意义和作用。

Objective To investigate effects of health risk appraisal and intervention on prevention and control of chronic diseases, and therefore to improve human being＇s health status. Methods A total of 6 846 residents living in Qingdao City were enrolled in this study, of which 504 were followed up and received intervention. Their health risks were appraised by questionnaire, physical examination and serum biochemical examination. Results Most subjects endangered their health by different degrees： 1 387 （28.94%） were stratified to low risk group, 2 308 （48. 16% ） to moderate risk group, and 1 097 （22. 89% ） to high risk group. After 1 - year intervention for 504 subjects, rates of persons in moderate risk group and high risk group dropped to 18. 86% and 17. 26% , respectively, while that for low risk group raised to 61.11%. All of those changes mentioned above were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. After intervention, medical costs reduced by 66. 3%. Conclusion Health risk appraisal and health risk intervention are of high value and significance for the improvement of people＇s health, prevention and control of occurrence and development of some chronic disease, and reduction of medical costs.