合同附随义务的形成与发展

Formation and Development of Contractual Collateral Obligation

合同附随义务是基于诚实信用原则而产生,它具有平衡个人利益与社会利益、弥补法律规定与合同约定不足、追求实质正义的功能。附随义务在我国是从成文法到学说、司法实践的逆向式发展过程,全面认真的研究合同附随义务的形成与发展过程,对我们在我国特殊的法制环境和社会环境下更好地继承和发展附随义务理论显得尤为重要。在最早体现诚实信用原则的古罗马法的诚信契约和诚信诉讼里已有附随义务的最初萌芽;法国在司法实践中对合同附随义务进行了积极的探索,确立了诚实信用原则,"保障安全"等义务在司法实践中得以适用;德国学说和判例确认了附随义务理论,法律规定了债的关系中当事人相互间的附随义务及其相应的民事责任,实现了附随义务的法定化;我国《合同法》充分利用"后发优势",以明文规定了附随义务。

Contractual collateral obligation origins from the principle of good faith. It can balance the interests between individuals and the society, and compensate for the deficiencies occurred in laws and contractual stipulations with the function of pursuing virtual justice. The collateral obligations in China is a reverse process of development from theory to law, then to judicial practice. A comprehensive study of the formation and development of contractual collateral obligations in China＇s special environmental and social environment is of great important to better inherit and develop the collateral obligation theory. In the first embodiment of the principle of good faith in ancient Roman law of contract integrity and the integrity of the proceedings, there has been collateral obligations in the first bud; France carried out an active exploration of the collateral obligations of the contract in the judicial practice, then established the principle of good faith, ＂safety＂, And other obligations in judicial practice to apply; Germany confirmed the collateral obligations that the law provides for the debt relations between the parties of the obligations accompanying their corresponding civil liability, which make the realization of the collateral obligations of the statutory; China＇s ＂Contract Law＂ make an explicit provision of the accompanying obligations by making full use of the Late-Development Advantages.