彝族的疾病观念与传统疗法——对云南赫查莫村及其周边的个案研究

The Traditional Concept of the Illness and Treatments among the Yis:A Case Study on Hechamo and Its Neighboring Villages of Yunnan

作者对云南哀牢山区赫查莫村及其周边彝族尼苏人的疾病观念和传统疗法做了人类学田野调查,认为尼苏人在传统上倾向于把疾病分为两类:一类是需要通过宗教仪式加以治疗的,另一类是需要通过服药加以治疗的。作者认为,在社区医疗事业不断发展和农村医疗保险制度逐渐完善的今天,尼苏人的疾病观念和传统治疗法仍发挥着较大的作用,彝族社区中的常见病和多发病多是靠传统方法治疗的。彝族人对于传统方法的认同不能被简单地归因于经济困难,它是与彝族的传统信仰和知识体系密切联系在一起的。

Through the anthropological fieldwork about the traditional concept of the illness and treatments of the Nisu people in the Yis who live in Hechamo and neighboring villages in the Ailao Mountains,Yunnan,the author argues that the Nisus classify all the illness as that treated with the religious rites and that with drugs.While the community medicine service and rural medical insurance is being improved and perfected step by step,the traditional treatments are effecting on the community.We should not attribute the acceptance of the traditional treatment to the financial difficulties simply.It is related closely with the traditional belief and knowledge system of the Yis.