江西九连山常绿阔叶林的物种多样性分析

Analysis on Species Diversity of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Jiulianshan Mountain of Jiangxi Province

基于线路调查和样方调查的基础上,研究了江西九连山国家级自然保护区内常绿阔叶林的主要植被群落的α多样性和β多样性,α多样性测度指标主要采用Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数等5个指标,β多样性采用群落相异性系数。结果表明,各群落不同层次的α多样性主要测度指标由大到小的变化规律为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,符合亚热带森林生态系统的一般规律。多样性指数与优势度指数存在较强的负相关,相关系数为-0.88(P=0.01)。群落均匀度指数与多样性指数存在明显的正相关,相关系数为0.629(P=0.01)。不同群落相异性系数分析表明,多数群落间的相异性系数大于0.6,尤以人工枫香林与天然甜槠林的相异性系数最大(达到1),群落间的相异性系数反映了九连山各群落间的物种组成差别较大及群落的生境多样性较丰富。

Based on the field studies data of evergreen broad - leaved forest in Jiulianshan Mountain of subtropical area in Jiangxi Province of South China, the species and community of α - diversity and β - diversity in the major natural evergreen broad - leaved community were investigated. The measure indices of α - diversity were included Patrick abundance index, Shannon -wiener species diversity index, Simpson dominance index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef abundance index ; the measure index of β - diversity was Community Dissimilarity in the paper. The results showed that most α - diversity indices in different layers of different communities were different from each other. The indices of tree layer was usually lower than that of shrub layer, and was bigger than that of herb layer,which was consistent with the general pattern in subtropical forest ecosystem in South China. The species diversity indices and dominance indices of the forests were negative correlation, and the＇value of the correlation coefficient was -0.88 （P =0.01 ）. The community evenness indices and Shannon -wiener indices of the evergreen broad - leaved forest were positive correlation, and the value of the correlation coefficient was 0. 629 （P = 0.01 ）. The Community Dissimilarity in different communities could express the difference of different communities and their habitat. The Community Dissimilarity of most communities were greater than 0. 6, and which was the highest among the artificial Liquidambar formasans and the natural Castanopsis eyrei, the value of their Community Dissimilarity Coefficient was 1, it showed that the great difference of their components and the diversity of their habitat in different communities.