深圳市龙岗区1995～2008年职业病发病的灰色关联分析

Grey relation analysis of incidence of occupational diseases in Longgang District,Shenzhen in 1995～2008 by gray relation

目的掌握深圳市龙岗区职业病的发病规律和特点,为制定职业病防治对策提供科学依据。方法应用灰色关联分析法对该区1995～2008年诊断的职业病例进行统计分析,以各年份发病总数为参考数列,分辨系数P=0.5,按照关联系数和关联度公式求得关联系数及关联度,分析历年职业病发病的变化和发展态势。结果根据其排序,致病因素对职业病发病总数影响的灰色关联度大小排序是:三氯乙烯>尘肺>苯>正己烷>甲苯>职业性耳聋>铬镍化合物>铅>混合溶剂>二氯乙烷>中暑>酸雾>有机锡>氮氧化合物>化学性眼部灼伤>职业性哮喘>二甲基甲酰胺>甲醇。结论三氯乙烯是该区职业病发病影响因素中危害最大的毒物,苯、正己烷、二氯乙烷、二甲基甲酰胺等有机溶剂的中毒在该区的职业病发病中占据了重要的地位,而铅、粉尘、噪声、有机锡等物理化学因素的影响不容忽视。该区近年来开展的专项整治工作卓有成效,应积极地对职业病的危害因素进行干预,保障职业危害因素的早发现问题、早整治、早预防。

Objective To understand the incidence and features of occupational diseases in Longgang District and provide basis for making prevention measures. Methods Data of ccupational disease cases diagnosed during 1995 to 2008 in this district were analyzed with grey relation analysis. Results The grey relation figures of harmful effect of occupational diseases on the total occupational disease cases were in the ranges as the follows （with descending order）： trichloroethylene, pneumoconiosis,benzene,n-hexane,toluene,oceupational deafness,chrome-nickel compounds,lead,mixed solvent,dichloroethane, heat stroke, acid mist, organo -tin compounds,oxynitride, chemical eye bums,occupational asthma, dimethylformamide, methanol. Conclusion Among＇ the occupational disease hazards mentioned above,triehloroethylene is the most harmful chemicals in this district and followed by organic solvent poisoning,such as benzene,hexane,dichloroethane and dimethylformamide poisoning. Therefore effective and integratexc measures be taken to prevent and control of the occurrence of occupational diseases.