高速列车天线及其环境的一体化建模与分析

Integrative modeling and analyses of high-speed train antenna and its environment

采用时域有限差分(FDTD)法和完全匹配层(PML)技术对高速列车顶部单极天线及列车车体进行了一体化建模研究,通过数值模拟直接给出了空间入射场与天线输出电压、电流的关系,分析了入射波方向和高速电气化铁路接触网导线对天线输出电压、电流的影响。研究了入射角不同时天线上电流分布的变化情况。结果表明:一体化建模与分析能够直接将空间场参数与天线输入端路参数联系起来,这是传统的电波传播研究方法难以做到的。

The Finite-Difference Time-Domain （FDTD）method and the perfectly matched layers（PML）technique are used to study the integrative modeling of the monopole antenna mounted on the top of high-speed train and the train body. By numerical simulation, the relationship between the incident field and the output voltage and current of the antenna can be given directly. The influences of the incident wave direction and the contact wire in high-speed electrified railway on the output voltage and current of the antenna are analyzed. The variations of the current distribution on the antenna with the incident angle are studied. It is shown that the integrative modeling and analysis of the antenna and train body can associate the field parameters in free space with the circuit parameters of the antenna directly, wich can not be done by traditional methods based on wave propagation.