民法理念的形成与我国现代民法制度的建构

Development of the Notion of Civil Law and Construction of the Modern Civil Law System of Our Country

制度健全、完善的民法对民事主体非常重要。而制度健全、完善民法的形成又依赖于完美的民法理念。西方文明以古希腊为初始,并因地理环境的影响自然生成平等、财产私有、意思自治等民法理念,具有内生性,并体现人文价值关怀。以此为指导,最终使得西方国家民法典成为典范。我国的地理环境导致我国古代不平等的人身依附关系形成,并最终形成政治国家,强调权力意识。建构我国完善的民法制度,需要建立现代民法理念所依赖的社会基础和制度基础,借以弘扬现代民法理念;贯彻平等、私权优位、利益等意识,正确处理民法移植和符合国情的关系。

Sound system and perfect Civil Law are important to the subject of Civil Law. The construction of sound system and perfect Civil Law depends on perfect notion of Civil Law. Western civilization originated from ancient Greece and naturally formed notions like equality, private property and idea autonomy under the influence of geographical conditions, being improved by bourgeois revolution and embodying humanistic care, and finally became a model. The geographical conditions of our country lead to the formation of unequally personal attachment and political nation which emphasizes the conception of rights. Therefore, our country lacks notion of Civil Law. To construct a perfect Civil Law system of our country, it＇ s necessary to establish the social and systematic foundation on which modem civil law notion depends to carry forward it. While constructing the modern civil law system, it＇ S also necessary to carry out the ideas of equality,priority of personal right and interest, and to correctly deal with the relationship between the transplanting of civil law and conforming the actual situations of our country.