习凿齿及其相关问题考辨

Discussion of Xi Zaoci and the Problems Associated with Him

经考证:习凿齿生于东晋咸和三年(328),殁于义熙八年(412),葬于江西分宜枣木山。曾被权臣桓温辟为从事、西曹主簿,因忤桓温图谋篡逆的旨意,旋降为户曹参军,后任荥阳太守,最后解组归里巷。因不屈于苻坚逼用,为避杀身之祸而隐遁江西新余白梅。习凿齿一生著作等身,主要有《汉晋春秋》54卷。是书立意于国家一统,并指出晋应"越魏继汉"。"越魏继汉"是有理有据之论,是视角独特的创新之论,是立足国家一统之论,是利国利民影响深远的千古宏论。《汉晋春秋》的写作目的,并非如房玄龄所说是专为裁正桓温"觊觎非望"而作。

According to researeh：Xi Zaoci was born in the third year of the Xianhe Period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty （AD 328） and was dead in the eighth year of Yixi Period（AD 412）. He was buried in Mei Xian Hole of Zaomu Mountain in Fenyi, Jiangxi. He was engaged in West Cao Zhubu. Because he was disobeyed to Huanwen, he reduced to the governmet post of Hucao Canjun and then to Prefecture of Xiangyang. Finally he returned to his hometown. Because he didn＇ t yield to Fujian, he left his hometown to Baimei Hole of Xinyu. Xi Zaoci wrote many works in life, mainly ＂The History of Han and Jin＂. There are 45 volumes in the book. The idea of writing the book is ： It is reasonable that Jin should be in place of Han Wei and connect Han. He thought the idea was a well - founded theory and a unique perspeetive. Then it was based on the theory of national unification and had a far - reaching impact on the country and people. At the same time, he expressed his admiration to lord and virtuous officals. The purpose of ＂The History of Han and Jin＂ is not, as Fang Xuanling, an offical said, designed for Huanwen ＂to pursue an immoral authority.＂