刺山柑腋芽的组织培养快繁技术研究

Studies on the Tissue Culture of Axillary Bud and Rapid Propagation in the Capparis spinosa

以从意大利西西里岛引进的刺山柑带腋芽茎段为外植体，进行了预处理、丛芽诱导、丛芽增殖和生根、再生植株炼苗等研究，采用正交设计筛选出各阶段的适宜培养基。结果表明：在诱导阶段，较低的激素水平能促进幼芽萌发，其适宜的培养基为DKW＋0．3mg·L^-1 6-BA＋0．05mg·L^-1 NAA＋20g·L^-1庶糖；继代增殖阶段，丛芽增殖系数与6-BA用量成正比，但随着6-BA用量加大或长期在高浓度6-BA上培养，芽苗多且细弱，不适合做生根诱导，其适宜的培养基为DKW＋0．3mg·L^-1 6-BA＋0．025mg·L-1NAA＋30g·L^-1庶糖；生根培养阶段，其适宜的培养基为1／2MS＋0．2mg·L^-1 IBA＋100～200mg·L^-1VB1＋20g·L^-1庶糖，生根率87％。生根组培苗移植至草炭灰：珍珠岩（3：1）基质中成活率为92．31％。

The Capparis spinosa L. introduced from Italian Sicily of which the stem segments with axillary buds were taken as the explants. The tissue culture of Capparis spinosa was studied systematically from aspects of disposal, shoot inducement, proliferation and rooting, plantlet hardening and etc. in the experiment . The suitable media for every stage were discussed by orthogonal experiment. The results showed： In the inducing period, low hormone level was benefit for bud multiplication, the suitable medium was DKW ＋0.3 mg·L^-1 6-BA ＋0.05 mg·L^-1NAA ＋ 20 g·L^-1 sugar, while in the inducing period, the dosage of hormone BA and the shoot multiplication were proportioned positively. But if the dosage of BA enlarged or a long time＇ s culture made in high thick of BA, tissue culture seedling would be slimmer and weaker, which would not suitable for root induction, and DKW ＋ 0.3 mg·L^-1BA ＋ 0. 025 mg·L^-1 NAA ＋ 30 g·L^-1 sugar was the optimum medium for subculture. The recommended medium for rooting stage was 1/2MS ＋0.2 mg·L^-1 IBA ＋ 100 ＋200 mg· L^-1 VB1 ＋20 g·L^-1 sugar, in which the rooting percentages were up to 87%. The plantlets survival rate was up to 92% when transplanted on the mixture （ peat soil 3： perlite 1 ）.