广西银杏冰雪灾害调查及治理技术

Investigation on Freezing Damage of Ginkgo in Guangxi and Management Techniques

2008年1—2月广西银杏产区遭受历史上罕见的冰雪灾害，银杏树主侧枝因雨雪结冰重压断裂的损伤较大，调查结果表明：（1）海拔100-400m的断裂损伤轻微；（2）海拔401-600m的银杏大树断裂损伤率为100％，单株主侧枝断裂损伤在50％以上的为2．3025万株，占银杏大树的30．46％；银杏幼树断裂损伤率为75％～100％，单株主侧枝断裂损伤在50％以上的为142．225万株，占银杏幼树的13．17％；（3）海拔601m以上的断裂损伤严重，断裂损伤率达100％，其中，银杏大树单株主侧枝断裂损伤在50％以上的为1037株，占该海拨株数的96％，是银杏大树的1．37％，银杏幼树单株主侧枝断裂损伤均在80％以上，为28．34万株，占该海拨株数的100％，是银杏幼树的2．62％。通过调查分析，提出了银杏冰雪灾害的治理技术。

In January and February of 2008, the unusual freezing disaster in ginkgo producing area of Guangxi occurred, and the ginkgo trees suffered a greater damage. The investigation indicated that at the altitudes of 100-- 400 metres above sea level the freezing damage was light. At the altitudes of 401----600 metres the freezing damage rate of the big ginkgo trees reached 100% , and the number of plants which had above 50% fragmentation boughs and lateral branchs were 23 025, accounting for 30.46% of the big ginkgo trees ; the freezing damage rate of the young ginkgo trees was 75%--100% , and the number of plants which had above 50% fragmentation boughs and lateral branchs were 1. 422 25 million, accounting for 13.17% of the young ginkgo trees. At the altitudes of above 601 metres the freezing damage rate reached 100% , and the number of plants which had above 50% fragmentation boughs and lateral branchs were 1 037, accounting for 96% of the plants at the altitudes, and 1.37% of the big ginkgo trees; the number of plants which had above 80% fragmentation boughs and lateral branchs were 283 400, accounting for 100% of the plants at the altitudes, and 2.62% of the young ginkgo trees. The management techniques for freezing disaster of ginkgo trees were brought forword in this paper.