音韵学二题

On the two General Issues in Chinese Phonology

文章分为两个部分。第一部分述及汉语音韵学和音韵理论的一些基本问题,讨论汉语音系研究与音位学的关系,强调和论证了推论汉语音系必须重视音位对比,严格的音位对比是构成音系的必要条件;并讨论了汉语普通话的元音音位的性质和汉语拼音标示音位的得失。第二部分讨论等韵学的若干问题,如等韵图的起源与依据、外表与内涵,等韵的贡献与流传等,并对内外转问题提出新说,指出内外转与佛经转唱相关,转唱时不出本韵为内,转唱时必须换韵为外。

This article consists of two parts： Part One touches on some fundamental issues on Chinese phonology and general phonological theories, including the relationship between Chinese phonological study and phonemics, the nature of the vowel phonemes in putonghua（普通话）, and the advantages and disadvantages of pinyin（拼音） phonemic notation. The paper emphasizes that phonemic contrast must be considered in any discussion of Chinese phonology, and points out that strictly contrasting phonemes is absolutely necessary for the establishment of a phonology. Part Two discusses some issues about Dengyunzue（等韵学）, such as the origin and proofs as well as the denotation and connotation of Rime Table （等韵学）, and the contribution and spread of dengyun （等韵）, and puts forward a new idea on neiwaizhuan（ 内外转）, pointing out that the nature of neiwaizhuan is actually related to Chinese singing of original Buddhist Scirptures： nei （ 内 ） refers to retaining in its original rhyme while wai（外） changing to another one.