张履祥笔下的灾异与社会问题

Unusual Disasters and Social Issues Described by Zhang Lü-xiang

明末清初,浙北杰出的学者张履祥全面论述诸多灾异极其社会影响,并详实考察游民、赋役不公等社会问题。他建议减少冗余官吏、生员和军伍,并拟订相对合理的赋役法则。更为重要的是,他主张发展农业水利、卜居山区,力图从人类生存的基础方面探求缓和与解决社会问题的切实途径。这些表现了他关怀民生国计的学术品格,并对现代中国新农村建设带来一定的启示。

As a prominent scholar in north Zhejiang from the end of Ming dynasty to the beginning of Qing dynasty, Zhang Lv-xiang comprehensively discussed many disasters with unusual phenomena and their social influence, and accurately studied such social problems as vagrants, partiality of taxes and corvee, etc. He proposed to reduce the number of redundant officials, mandarin scholars and army-men, and drew up reasonable regulations of corvee. More importantly, he advocated to develop agriculture and water conservancy, to choose and live in mountainous areas, and made great efforts to explore down-to-earth ways to alleviate and tackle the social issues from the perspective of foundations for human existence. These showed his academic character of caring for people＇s livelihood and the nation＇s economy,which will shed a light on the construction of new countryside in modern china.