采前灌水对上部烟叶带茎烘烤质量的影响

Effect of Irrigation before Harvest on Baking Quality of Upper Tobacco Leaves with Stem

[目的]为上部烟叶带茎烘烤配套技术研究提供理论依据。[方法]以烤烟品种K326为材料，在上部4～6片叶一次性带茎采烤前提下设置3个灌水处理：A：采收前不灌水（对照）；B：采收前3d灌水；C：采收前6d灌水，研究不同处理对烤后烟叶品质的影响。[结果]B、C处理鲜烟含水率和烤后单位面积叶重分别较对照高0．36％、0．69％和1．52、2．04g／m2，烤后烟碱含量分别较对照低0．28％和0．31％；B、C处理烤后烟叶收缩率分别为26．63％和26．50％，均高于对照（25．27％）；B处理上等烟比例、均价及糖碱比最高，分别较对照高1．97％、0．55元／kg和0．46。[结论]提前3d灌水可提高烤后上部烟叶的品质。

[ Objective ] The aim was to provide the theoretical basis for studying the matching baking technology for upper tobacco leaves with stem. [ Method ] With flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as the material, 3 irrigation treatments （A： no irrigation （CK） ; B： irrigation before 3 d of harvest ; C ： irrigation before 6 d of harvest） were set up under the premise of upper 4 - 6 leaves with stem were harvested and baked by one time. The effects of different treatments on tobacco quality after baking were studied. [ Result] The water content in fresh tobacco and leaf weight per area after baking in treatments B, C were 0.36% , 0.69% and 1.52, 2.04 g/m2 higher than those of CK resp. and the nicotine contents in tobacco after baking in treatments B, C were 0.28%, 0.31% lower than those of CK resp. The shrinkage of tobacco after baking in treatments B, C were 26.63%, 26.50% resp. , being higher than that of CK （25.27%）. The fine tobacco ratio, average price and sugar- nicotine ratio of tobacco in treatment B were the highest, being 1.97%, 0. 55 yuan/kg and 0.46 higher than those of CK resp.. [ Conclusion] Irrigation before 3 d of harvest could improve the quality of upper tobacco leaves after baking.