阿坝州地方畜禽品种资源危机状况分析

Analysis of the Crisis of Local Animal Breed Genetic Resource in Sichuan Aba

地方畜禽品种资源是生物多样性的重要组成部分,其多样性的保护直接关系到畜牧业的可持续发展。调查了四川省阿坝州9个地方畜禽品种的遗传资源状况,并按照群体数量遗传学的原理,用群体近交系数的大小以及相应有效群体大小的方法分析评价了畜禽品种资源受威胁的程度。结果表明,9个地方畜禽品种资源中三江黄牛,藏鸡近20年数量下降幅度较大,三江黄牛处于"最低威胁"等级,藏鸡处于"潜在威胁"等级,其余物种均处于"安全"等级。

Animal breed resources diversity is an important component of bio-diversity and its diversity protection directly relates to the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Aba state of animal breed resources in Sichuan were investigated and according to the principles of population genetics, threatened degree of animal breed were analyzed and evaluated based on the inbreeding coefficient and the corresponding size of effective population. The results showed that the numbers of Sanjiang yellow cattle and Tibetan chicken were decreased in large extent among the 9 local animal breed resources of Sichuan Aba in twenty years, Sanjiang yellow cattle were in the grade of ＂Lowest threat＂, Tibetan chicken were in the grade of ＂Potential threat＂, whereas other local animal breed resources were in ＂safe＂ grade.