青岛裙带菜孢子体野生种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析

The Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Sporophytes of Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyceae) for Qingdao Population by AFLP Markers

采用优化的基因组总DNA提取方法,按照经典的AFLP分析路线,对30株青岛近海野生裙带菜（Undaria pinnatifida）孢子体种群内遗传多样性进行了AFLP分析。利用1对引物扩增出38条清晰可重复的带,其中32条呈现多态性,多态位点比例为84.21%,根据引物扩增的指纹图谱,计算出的种群内部平均观测等位基因数（Na）为1.8421、平均有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.3754、平均基因多样性指数,即Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）为0.2351,Shannon’s多样性信息指数（I）为0.3684。该种群内遗传距离的分布范围从0.0267-0.8044,结果显示,野生种群内个体间各项遗传指数水平均较高,种群内遗传变异丰富。聚类分析表明,在遗传距离为0.21的阈值处,30个个体划分为2大类群,推测青岛野生裙带菜进化上在遗传距离为0.21时发生第一次分化。

To address the genetic diversity of sporophytes of Undaria pannatifida for the Qingdao population, we extracted DNA from 30 different strains by optimizing the working condition and analyzed the genetic variations with AFLP markers. The primer was designed from the adapter, which had been added to the digested fragment of genomic DNA for the analysis. Thirty-eight reproducible bands were amplified, of which 32 were polymorphic. The polymorphic loci ratio was 84.21%. The observed number of alleles（Na）, effective number of alleles（Ne）, Nei＇s gene diversity（H） and Shannon＇ s information index（I） were 1. 842 1, 1. 375 4, 0. 235 1 and 0. 368 4, respectively. The genetic distance within the population ranged from 0. 026 7 to 0. 804 4. The result indicated a high level of genetic index and genetic diversity within the population. Dendrograms constructed from AFLP data indicated that the 30 individuals may be divided into two sub-populations at the genetic distance of 0.21, which suggested that the first differentiation of Undaria pinnatifida of Qingdao population occurred at the genetic distance of 0.21 in evolution.