语言样本分析在临床应用的可行性研究

Feasibility of clinical application of language sample analysis

目的探讨用语言样本分析评估儿童语言发育水平的可行性,为语言样本分析应用于临床提供参考资料。方法以50名4～6岁儿童为研究对象,计算每名儿童20min内语言样本的平均句子长度(MLU)和词汇广度(D),并与年龄、韦克斯勒学龄前和学龄初期智力量表(WPPSI)及图片词汇测试(PPVT)结果进行相关分析;采用折半信度分析法,即分别计算并比较语言样本前100句和后100句的MLU值以及基于样本奇数词和偶数词的D值进行语言样本指标的内部信度分析。结果MLU值和D值与年龄呈正相关;MLU值、D值、年龄、语言智商(VIQ)和PPVT智商(PPVT-IQ)5个指标之间两两比较,除VIQ与年龄无相关性(P>0.05)外,其余均呈正相关(P<0.05或P≤0.01);MLU前100与MLU后100以及D奇与D偶呈现高度相关(均P=0.000)。结论语言样本分析能够反映4～6岁儿童的语言发育水平。

Objective To explore the feasibility of language sample analysis in assessment of language development in children in order to provide evidences for its clinical application. Methods The study population consisted of a crosssectional sample of 50 preschool Putonghua-speaking children aged 4 to 6 years. The data on measurement of utterance length （MLU） and lexical diversity （D） were computed from 20 minutes＇ conversational language samples, and correlation analysis was conducted among MLU, D, age, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence （WPPSI） and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test （PPVT）. Splited sample analysis by comparing MLU of first one hundred utterances and MLU of last one hundred utterance, D of odd lexicals and D of even lexicals were conducted to test the validity of language sample indictors. Results MLU and D development of the preschool Putonghua-speaking children were positively related to age. MLU, D, age, verbal intelligence quotient （VIQ） and PPVT were associated with each other （P 〈 0.05 or P≤0.01） except age and VIQ（P 〉 0.05）. There were significant correlations between MLU of first one hundred utterances and MLU of last one hundred utterances and between D of odd lexicals and D of even lexicals（P = 0. 000）. Conclusion Language sample analysis proves to be feasible in assessment of language development in preschool children aged 4 to 6 years.