鼻腔计算机流体力学模拟及与鼻声反射和鼻阻力计相关研究

Relationship between computational fluid dynamics simulation and acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry in nasal cavity

目的建立计算机流体力学(CFD)模型模拟平静呼吸状态下正常鼻腔形态和鼻腔内部流动,与鼻声反射和鼻阻力计测量进行对照分析。方法对志愿者鼻腔行CT扫描,通过Simplant10.0建立完整的鼻气道三维模型,利用Gambit2.3.16网格划分后,用Fluent6.3.2模拟不同流量下的鼻腔内部流体力学。将经CFD模型提取和计算的鼻腔冠状位截面积和鼻腔压降数据与鼻声反射和鼻阻力计的测量结果进行比较。结果CFD模型鼻腔冠状位面积与鼻声反射测量数据,在距前鼻孔30mm内两者的拟合度高,在距前鼻孔50mm外则后者大于前者。CFD模型计算各流量下鼻腔压降变化与鼻阻力计测量得到的压力-流量分布曲线的变化趋势一致,但压降值前者小于后者。结论CFD模型能精确反映鼻腔形态,准确计算鼻腔内部的流场数据。与以往测量手段相比较,CFD模型能更加直观且详细地表现鼻腔内部流体力学。

Objective To reconstruct a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model of human nasal cavity, and make comparison analysis with acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. Methods One healthy volunteer was performed CT scanning of nasal cavity, three dimensional CFD model was established by Simplant 10.0 and Gambit 2.3.16, and Fluent 6.3.2 was employed to simulate the airflow of nasal cavity. Acoustic rhinometer was used to assess the area of nasal cavity, rhinomanometry was adopted to measure the airflow and intranasal pressure drop during inspiration, and the results were compared with those obtained from CFD model. Results Cross section area of nasal cavity obtained from CFD model matches well with that measured by acoustic rhinometer within 30 mm distance from nostril, while the latter was larger than the former beyond 50 mm distance from nostril. The trend of intranasal pressure drop at different airflows measured by CFD model was the same as that measured by rhinomanometry, while the transnasal pressure obtained by CFD model was lower than that recorded by rhinomanometry. Conclusion CFD model can accurately simulate the shape of nasal cavity and measure the parameters of intranasal airflow, which helps to understand the airflow characteristics of nasal cavity.