橡胶盔蚧寄生蜂的种群结构与空间分布研究

Studies on the structure and distribution of the parasitic wasp populations of Parasaissetia nigra

通过普查与定点调查的方法,研究了橡胶盔蚧寄生蜂的种群结构和橡胶盔蚧及其寄生蜂的空间分布。结果表明,橡胶盔蚧天敌寄生蜂达10种,其中优势种2种,常见种4种,稀有种4种。优势种优雅岐脉跳小蜂和蜡蚧褐腰啮小蜂分别占整个种群数量的64.32%和11.76%。橡胶盔蚧寄生蜂在橡胶树不同方位上的分布不同。在层次上,寄生蜂在上层的平均寄生率要比下层高;在方位上,寄生蜂在南面的平均寄生率最高,而在北面的平均寄生率最低。通过Taylor幂法和Iwao的回归分析对橡胶盔蚧及其寄生蜂的空间分布型进行研究,得出结果一致,即橡胶盔蚧及其寄生蜂种群在橡胶树上的空间分布型均为聚集分布,且种群密度越高分布越聚集。

Through massive screening and point-surveys, the structure and distribution of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner and its parasitic wasp populations were studied. The results showed that there were 10 species of parasitic wasps, of which there were 9, dominant species, 4 common species and 4 rare species. Diversinervus elegans and Tetrastichus murakamii were defined as the dominant parasitic wasps, occupying 64. 32% and 11.76% of the total species population density, respectively. Spatial distribution of the parasitic wasp populations is different at different orientations of the rubber tree. The parasitic rate on average was higher at the top than at the bottom. The parasitic rate on average is the highest to the south and lowest to the north. The spatial distribution of P. nigra and its parasitic wasps were determined by Taylor power and Iwao＇s regression equation. The results were the same and showed that the spatial distribution patterns of both P. nigra and the parasitic wasps belong to aggregative distribution. The higher the parasitic wasps＇ density, the higher the aggregative degree.