中国非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者二年随访终点事件的影响因素分析

Risk factors associated with increased end points of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes in China： 2 years follow up results of China-OASIS Registry

目的研究分析OASES登记试验中国地区所有入选的非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者2年随访结束时联合终点事件（包括死亡、新的心肌梗死及卒中）的发生与多种因素（包括患者基础特征及就诊状态、主要治疗措施、用药情况等）之间的关系。方法总结38家医院非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征人院患者随访至2年的资料，统计自入院至随访结束时联合终点事件的发生情况及最早出现的时间，并采用生存分析（Cox回归）模型，分析48种因素在联合终点事件发生中所起的作用。结果自1999年4月至2001年12月共收集急性冠状动脉综合征患者资料2294例，平均年龄（62．8±8．3）岁，男性占62．3％，联合终点事件365例，发生率为15．9％。促进联合终点事件发生的危险因素主要为：患者就诊心率〉120次／min（HR=2．081，95％CI：1．088～3．979）、住院期间的溶栓（HR=2．342，95％CI：1．528—3．590）及复发性心绞痛（HR=1．313，95％CI：1．033～1．670）、吸烟（HR：1．974，95％CI：1．407～2．769）、高龄（HR=1．037，95％CI：1．025～1．050）及既往心脏病史等。延缓联合终点事件发生的保护性因素主要为：就诊时心电图恢复正常，随访期间坚持应用常规药物等。结论我国非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者中，合并其他心血管疾病，就诊病情危重者随访时易发生联合终点事件；反之，正规应用药物治疗对终点事件的发生产生一定的保护作用。

Objective To identify the risk factors associated with increased combined end points （including death, new myocardial infarction and stroke） of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome in China. Methods Patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in 38 hospitals in China were included in this registry study as part of an international multicentre registry-OASIS. Data including clinical characteristics, previous medical history, therapeutic procedure and follow-up medicines, were collected and analyzed. The follow up period was two years. Cox regression model was used to analyze the association between multiple risk factors and combined end points. Results From April 1999 to December 2001, 2294 eligible patients were enrolled nationwide and 2294 patients finished the 2 years follow up （mean age： 62.8 ± 8.3 years and 62.3% males）. The mortality was 7.6% （ 174/2294）, 168 new myocardial infarction and 93 stroke were recorded during follow up and the combined end point events was 365 （15. 9% ） at the end of the two year＇s follow-up. Forty-eight factors were analyzed by Cox regression model to determine the impact of these factors on the occurrence of end point event. Risk factors that promoting end points were： thrombolysis during hospitalization, heart rate more than 120 bpm at admission, current smoker, history of PTCA, length of the first hospitalization, intravenous nitrate use during hospitalization, history of heart failure, low molecular weight heparin or subcutaneous heparin use during hospitalization, former smoker, calcium antagonist use during hospitalization, history of hypertension or coronary artery disease, recurrent angina pectoris during hospitalization and age by the first hospitalization. Protective factors that reducing end point were： normal ECG at admission, use of oral nitrate, anti-platelet medicine, calcium antagonist, lipid lowering agents and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor during follow-up period. Conclusion The two-years incidence of combined endpoints of death, new myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes is 15.9% in China. Fifteen factors are associated with increased and 8 factors （ mostly related to regular medication use） are associated with reduced occurrence of endpoints during follow up in this cohort.