科学活动中利益冲突的社会学视角

Conflict of Interests in Scientific Activities:A Sociological Perspective

利益冲突是当事者的次要利益与其职责所代表的主要利益之间所发生的冲突。利益冲突无处不在,然而,科学活动中的利益冲突,只是在科学成为一种社会建制之后才有的事;科学与社会契约关系的形成,为利益冲突的发生提供了制度性环境;科学家的双重角色,为利益冲突的发生提供了可能性;一些科学技术政策的制定,又加剧和刺激了利益冲突的发生和发展。

Conflict of interests（COls） is a conflict between secondary interest and the primary one required by one＇s profession. COIs is ubiqui tous. Yet COIs in scientific activities happens only after the institutionalization of science. The contractual relationship between science and so ciety provides an institutional environment for the occurrence of COIs. The dual roles of scientists make it possible to occur. And some science and technology policies stimulate its development.