贝尔纳科学自由与民主策略

Bernal's Science Freedom and Democracy Strategy

历史上关于科学组织计划与自由的争论,使人们的目光集中在贝尔纳政治调控科学的主张上,而忽视了他关于科学自由与民主的丰富思想。贝尔纳通过社会与历史的考察,揭示出科学自由是维系科学发展的本质要求的命题。他主张科学自由应表现为思想自由与行动自由的统一、自由与责任的统一、内部自由与外部秩序的统一。为了实践科学的自由提出了科学组织与调控的民主策略,显示出科学自由的时代特征和人文意蕴。

In history, the debate between science organization and freedom had our view focused on Bernal＇s theory about plan of science in past time specially, causing narrow visual angle of study about Bernal. Actually Bernal＇s thought about the science freedom is also abundant and profound. He pointed out that science advancement depends on keeping freedom. His thought about science freedom showed that it is a unity of the mental and the physical freedom, a unity of the science freedom and responsibility, a unity of the intrinsic freedom and extrinsic order. For the science freedom, he put forward the democracy strategy of science organization and control. His thought showed a lingering charm of the humanities about science freedom.