戚继光“有限发展”火器技术问题初探

Study on Qi Ji-guang's Limited Development of Firearm Technology

戚继光十分重视火器技术并对火器技术的发展做出了重要贡献。他在《练兵实纪》和《纪效新书》中多次强调火器技术的重要性,还亲自发明和改进了一些火器装备,在他的努力下,戚家军成为明军中火器配备比率最高的部队。这方面的研究已有不少,但是,对于戚继光"有限发展"火器技术的问题,却很少有学者关注。本文认为:他并没有全力发展火器技术,而是将其限制在一个有限的范围内来发展,这体现在他没有创造出一套以火器为中心的战术战法,也没有使火器成为当时的标准武器。这主要有三点原因:第一,关键技术很不成熟;第二,朝廷需求明显不足;第三,本人决心不够坚定。

Qi ji-guang attached great importance to firearm technology and made important contributions to the development of firearm technology. In his books he repeatedly stressed the importance of firearm technology. He made the invention and improvement of a number of firearm equipment. In his efforts his army equipped with the highest ratio of firearm equipment. Many scholars have been engaged in this area, however, the problem of Qi Ji-guang＇s limited development of firearm technology is still neglected. The thesis points out that he did not fully develop the firearm technology, but made a limited development. The conclusion can be proved by the fact that he neither created a set of firearm-centric tactics nor allowed firearm to become the standard weapon.