攀枝花市城区病媒生物现状调查

Disease Vector Survey in Urban Area of Panzhihua Municipality

目的了解攀枝花市城区病媒生物的种类及其季节消长规律,为预防和控制媒介生物传播疾病的发生和流行提供依据。方法鼠类调查采用夹夜法;蚊类采用人工小时法;蝇类采用笼诱法;蟑螂采用粘捕法。结果鼠类有1科3属4种,褐家鼠为优势种,占捕获鼠总数的67.58%,总密度为3.32×10-3只/夹,农村自然村密度为最高,8月为全年密度高峰。蚊类有2亚科4属7种,致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获蚊总数的58.60%,总密度为2.86只/人工小时,牲畜棚密度为最高,6月为密度高峰;蝇类有3科8属13种,家蝇和丝光绿蝇为优势蝇种,分别占捕获蝇总数的34.52%和25.05%,总密度8.75只/笼,农贸市场密度为最高,6月为密度高峰;蟑螂有2科2属3种,德国小蠊为优势种,占捕获蟑螂总数的91.07%,总密度为0.46只/张,总侵害率为20.64%,餐饮密度和侵害率为最高,8月为活动高峰。结论基本掌握了攀枝花市城区病媒生物的种群构成及季节消长规律。

Objective To find out the species and seasonal activity pattern of disease vectors in the urban area of Panzhihua, and provide basis for the prevention and control of vector - borne diseases. Methods Rodents were captured by trap during night; mosquitoes by mosquito capturing set; flies by cage; cockroaches by sticking. Results Four species of rodents in 3 genera in 1 family were found, and sewer rat was the predominant species, accounting for 67.58%, the total density was 3.32 × 10^-3/trap, the natural density in rural area was highest in August. Seven species of mosquitoes in 4 genera in 2 subfamilies were found, culex pipiens fatigans was the predominant species, accounting for 58.60%, the total density was 2. 86/h, the highest density was observed in livestock sheds in June; thirteen species of flies in 8 genera in 3 families were found. Musca domestica and Lucilia sericata were the predominant species, accounting for 34. 52% and 25.05% respectively. The total density was 8.75/cage. The density in rural produce market was highest in June. Three species of cockroaches in 2 genera in 2 families were found, blattella germanica was the predominant species, accounting for 91.07 %. The total density was 0.46/piece and the harmful rate was 20. 64%, the density and harmful rate in food bar was highest, the peak season was in August. Conclusion Species and seasonal activity pattern of disease vectors in Panzhihua are clear.