2型糖尿病患者膳食现况调查

Survey of the Current Dietary Status of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

目的了解2型糖尿病患者膳食摄入现况,评价其膳食质量。方法采用食物频率调查法对235例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果2型糖尿病患者奶类,蔬菜,畜禽肉类,蛋类以及油脂类摄入量偏高,分别为:(173.5±137.4),(475.5±296.3),(108.5±97.1),(37.9±22.7),(33.7±16.2)g/d,水果和鱼虾类摄入量偏低,仅为(70.4±83.4)和(35.7±42.6)g/d;能量来源分配比例不合理,脂肪摄入过高,占44.7%,碳水化合物摄入过低,仅占39.4%;脂肪酸供能比例不合理,饱和脂肪酸比例过高,高达17.4%。结论目前2型糖尿病患者膳食结构不合理,建议控制动物性脂肪的摄入,同时加强营养教育,促进营养干预。

Objective To survey the current dietary status of type 2 diabetic patients in Luzhou and evaluate the dietary quality. Methods A total of 253 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were surveyed by food frequency questionnaire. Result Compared with recommended criterion, the daily intake of milk and vegetables were enough, but the intakes of meat, egg and fat were excessive, the intake of fruit and fish were not enough. The proportion of energy from protein, fat and carbohydrate was very unreasonable. The proportion of energy produced by fat was higher than that of standard supply. Dietary fatty acids proportions were unreasonable, saturated fatty acid was higher than that of standard supply. Conclusions The current dietary structure is not suitable for type 2 diabetic patients. The intakes of fat should be decreased, further more, nutrition education and nutrition intervention of 2 diabetic patients should be strengthened.