对“教材”的“文本”化解释——教育中可能的颠覆与反颠覆

Text-Based Interpretation of Teaching Materials

教学,在诠释学意义上就是对文本的解释。教材或者课本,实际上是文本。诠释学对待文本可以理解为五种立场:原始教徒立场(宗教立场)、圣贤立场(经学立场),政治立场(道德立场),考据立场(科学立场)和怀疑批判立场(哲学立场)。我国的教育(教学)中,到现在都没有形成真正的哲学立场即怀疑批判立场,从而给教师和学生乃至人民形成了与"本文世界"有相当距离的"文本世界",而"真实世界"更是"烟涛微茫信难求"。实际上,教材教学已经被妖魔化了,这与民主思想是背道而驰的。

Teaching means text explanation in Hermeneutics. Teaching materials or textbooks are actually texts. Hermeneutics explains the text in five stances as follows： primitive Baptist＇s stance （religious stance）; sages＂ stance （classic stance）; political stance （moral stance）; proof-giving stance （scientific stance）; dubious and critical stance （philosophical stance）. However, China＇s education still don＇t find its true philosophical stance or dubious and critical stance, which results in ＂the world of text＂ far away from ＂the world of prototype＂ for teachers and students and even all the people. Worse still, ＂the real world＂ is far more difficult to reach. In reality, teaching material instruction has been demonized, which is opposite to democracy.