背瘤丽蚌胚胎发育的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Embryonic Development of Lamprotula leai

用显微技术研究了背瘤丽蚌(Lamprotula leai)胚胎发育和钩介幼虫结构。结果表明,背瘤丽蚌卵为均黄卵,受精卵分布在雌蚌内、外鳃腔中进行胚胎发育;胚胎发育同步;胚胎发育过程包括受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、膜内钩介幼虫期和钩介幼虫期;卵裂为螺旋不等完全卵裂;未受精的成熟卵在鳃腔内退化;胚胎发育期与胚胎、外鳃和内鳃颜色相关;怀卵母蚌胚胎在外界环境变化时容易全部流产。分析认为背瘤丽蚌胚胎发育期的繁殖特征可指导人工苗种生产。

The characteristics of embryonic development and glochidia structure were observed in Lamprotula leai by means of light microscopy. The results showed that the isoleeithal fertilized eggs developed synchronizedly in the inner and outer gill of the female. The embryonic development of L. leai could be divided into 6 stages： oosperm, cleavage, blastocyst, gastrulae, glochidia in membrane and gloehidia. The cleavage was holoblastic and spiral. The unfertilized egg degenerated in the gill. There were relations between different stages of the embryonic development and the colours of the embryo and the inner and outer gill of the mother. All embryos would expel from the gill when the environment of mussel had changed. The data on embryonic development character could be used for guiding artifical breeding of L. leai.