中国小鲵的核型

The Karyotype of Hynobius chinensis

中国小鲵(Hynobius chinensis)被描述于116年前,我国学者于2005年在模式产地湖北宜昌再次采到标本,至此该物种的有效性得以确认。以2007年采于模式产地的中国小鲵胚胎为材料,采用Giemsa染色方法,对中国小鲵的核型进行了分析。结果表明,中国小鲵的二倍体染色体数为56,28对染色体按大小和形状可以分为4组:第一组,包括Nos.1～9,由大型m,sm,st染色体组成;第二组为中型双臂染色体组,由Nos.10～13组成,包含m,sm染色体;第三组,包括Nos.14～18,由小型m染色体组成;第四组,包括Nos.19～28,由小型t染色体组成。与小鲵属其他物种相比,中国小鲵核型与具染色体数为2n=56的类群核型大致相同,差异出现在染色体分组和相应染色体着丝点类型上。

Hynobius chinensis was re-discovered by Wang et al. from the type locality in 2005, 116 years after its first description, which proves that H. chinensis is a true Hynobius species. In this paper, the karyotype of H. chinensis from the type locality was described by using embryos and staining with Giemsa. The results indicated that all individuals had a diploid number of 56 chromosomes and can be divided into four groups： the first group contained large biarmed m, sin, st chromosomes （Nos. 1 -9）; Nos. 10- 13 composed the second, medium-sized group which contained m and sm chromosomes ; the third group was composed of 5 pairs of metacentric chromosomes （ Nos. 14 - 18） ; the fourth group included 10 （ Nos. 19 - 28 ） uniarmed microchromosomes. The results indicated that the karyotype of H. chinensis was similar to that of the other species with 2n = 56 chromosomes. Although there were also some differences in the centromere type and grouping, the diploid chromosome number is not changed.