粘弹性阻尼减振元件的动力学建模及工程应用

Dynamic Modeling and Engineering Application of the Visco-Elastic Damping Components

对于广泛应用于工程结构减振的阻尼材料,由于其阻尼特性随频率而改变,不能将阻尼力表示为正比于运动速度的简单关系,因而不便于使用商用有限元软件进行动力学分析。结合非粘性阻尼的等效算法和结构动力学模型的缩聚技术,提出了一种含粘弹性阻尼材料的减振元件的动力学建模方案。在比较准确表征阻尼材料频变特性的前提下,能够将减振元件方便、高效地加入到整体结构模型中,并且可以用常规的通用有限元程序进行动力学分析。文中的算例之一验证了缩聚后减振元件动刚度特性的精度。另一算例则表明该方法已经可以应用于框架式火箭-卫星减振适配器设计等具体的工程应用。

The visco-elastic damping materials are widely used in engineering to suppress the vibration of the structures. Due to the damping changes with frequency, the instantaneous velocities are not the only relevant variables that determine damping. Therefore, it is inconvenient to do the analysis in the general finite element software. By using the equivalent visco-damping method and the model condensation technique, the authors provide a method of modeling to reduce the dynamic model of the visco-elastic damping components. In this way, the damping components models with visco-elastieity can be added into the entire structure easily while using the finite element program to analyze the dynamic response. One of the examples in the paper indicates the accuracy of the reduced damper model＇ s dynamic stiffness characteristics. The other example shows that the method can already be applied in the actual engineering design such as the isolating frame payload attach fitting.