北京房山农民实施3年心脑血管病卫生教育的效果分析

Evaluation of Health Education regarding CardioCerebral Vascular Disease Taking 3 Years Enforcement in Fangshan Farmers,Beijing

目的通过实施３年的队列性社区卫生干预研究，评价干预前后心脑血管病的卫生防治知识、态度及行为（ＫＡＢ）变化，间接反映心脑血管病的预防效果。方法１９９１年在北京房山区３０～７５岁的常住人口中随机现况调查７８２人，作为心脑血管病卫生知识、态度及行为调查的基线人群，其中干预区４３１人，对照区３５１人。经３年的社区干预后，１９９５年复查时又随机抽查８００人，干预区及对照区各４００人。结果在血压、饮食及体育锻炼方面，干预区均比对照区有较大幅度提高，多数卫生项目在统计上差异有显著性。在影响血压增高的专指因素中，认为遗传、吃盐多及吸烟是其主要影响因素，干预区农民均高于对照区。在血压知晓率方面干预区增高幅度高于对照区，二区有统计学差别。愿意低盐饮食的比率，干预区女性高于对照区（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在知道进行适度体育锻炼有好处而经常进行锻炼，以及在经常了解医疗保健知识方面上，干预区比率均高于对照区。

Aim\ To evaluate changes of knowledge,attitude and behavier(KAB) regarding cardiocerebral vascular disease taking 3 years enforcement so as to reflect indirectly preventive effect.\ Methods\ 782 farmers were selected randomly being as baseline population among residents aged 30￣75 in 1991 in Beijing suburb, there were 431 farmers in intervention area(IA) and 351 farmers in reference area(RA).\ After carrying out a communitybased health intervention, 800 farmers selected randomly in 1995,there were 400 farmers in IA and 400 farmers in RA.\ Results\ That people in IA have much more knowledge of hypertention, diet and exercise than ones in RA, and people in IA know genetic, high salt intake, smoking as risk factors of hypertention much more than ones in RA, claiming to know their personal blood pressure level, the difference was significant.\ The rate intending to reduced salt intake in IA in female farmers was higher than in RA and significant in statistics, but there were not significant in male.\ Conclusion\ The most persons who realized that exercises was good for their health in whom exercise can be often done and knowledge of health care often learn actively in IA.