高定向石墨材料的研究进展

Research Development of Highly Oriented Graphite Materials

普通石墨材料由于制备工艺条件、原料组成等多方面的原因,其导电和导热性能均不能满足日益发展的高科技领域的要求。作为高导热石墨材料的一种,热解石墨因其高定向性及具有许多特殊的物理化学性能(如各向异性显著、良好的传导性能等),在许多领域更显示了其不可替代的优越性能,在宇航、微电子、机械及仪表、医疗等工业部门中获得了广泛应用。特别是在单色器方面的应用,促使越来越多的人开始进行这方面的研究。但热解石墨的生产工艺条件要求较高,因此,通过其他途径来制取高定向石墨,扩大其应用范围具有很重要的意义,这也是炭素材料工作者长期以来的研究方向。

The thermal and electrical conductivity of ordinary graphite materials cannot meet the demand of the growing require- ments of high-teeh fields for their preparation conditions and material composition, as a material with high thermal conductivity, the pyrolitie graphite has superior properties and is widely used in many fields like aerospace, microelectronics, mechanics and instrumentation and medi- care for its high orientation and many physical and chemical properties such as significant anisotropy and better conductivity, especially its application in monochromators has attracted much attention. But for the high demand of production conditions, it is very important to make highly oriented graphite in other ways and expand the scope of application, which is the goal of carbon material researchers.