矢状面内人体屈伸运动的生物力学研究

Biomechanics Research on Flexion and Extension during Sagittal Plane

研究了矢状面内人体从屈曲90°到直立过程中骨组织、椎间盘及韧带的力学规律.利用CT图像的Hounsfield值与弹性模量间的关系确定骨组织的材料模量,通过等效材料方法简化纤维环模型.在人体自重、外载荷及肌肉力作用下,分析矢状面内人体从屈曲90°到直立过程中的生物力学特点.结果表明:屈曲搬物时损伤发生在腰骶部及T10附近;椎间盘及椎弓根的危险部位在腰骶关节处;屈曲时胸椎后凸增大及重物靠近身体有助于减小肌肉的受力,避免或减少损伤的发生.

Aimed at the occurrence of pain in the course of flexion and extension, the mechanics laws of bone, intervertehral disc and ligament were investigated from flexion 90° to erection during sagittal plane. The bone material properties were identified through the relationship between the Hounsfield value of CT images and elastic modulus. The annulus fibrosis model was simplified by assigning the equivalent material property. The biomechanical characteristics from flexion 90° to erection during sagittal plane were analyzed by taking human body weight, external load and muscle forces into account by finite element method. The research shows that the trauma often happens in lumbarsacrum and TIO. The dangerous region of intervertebral disc and pedicle is located at lumbarsacrum joint. Kyphosis increase in thoracic vertebrae and external load nearness to the body are useful for decreasing muscle forces and eventually helpful for avoiding or reducing the damage of muscles and ligaments in bend lifting.