武汉地区荷斯坦牛体型性状的遗传参数估计

Genetic Parameter Estimation for Figure Traits of Holstein Cattle in Wuhan

利用2006～2007年间武汉市武湖牧场971头荷斯坦母牛23个体型线性性状的鉴定记录,配合单性状和多性状动物模型,利用MTDFREML软件,采用REML方法,估计了各体型性状的相关参数。23个体型线性性状的平均分范围从3.93(前乳头位置)到7.22(体躯大小),各性状的标准差范围从1.14(尻宽)到2.40(后肢后视),遗传力的估计值范围从0.03(骨质地)到0.37(尻宽)。体型总分的平均值为79.17,标准差为2.67,体型总分的遗传力估计值为0.16。结构容量性状之间的表型相关范围从-0.17(体高与前段)到0.38(体躯大小与胸宽),遗传相关范围从-0.26(体高与前段)到0.71(体躯大小与前段)。乳房性状间的表型相关较低,从-0.15(乳头长度与乳房深度)到0.40(前乳房附着与乳房深度);遗传相关相对较高,从-0.67(前乳房附着与悬韧带)到0.99(前乳头位置与后乳头位置)。

The phenotypic and genetic parameters, from 971 dairy cows collected from 2006 to 2007 in Wuhan, combined with animal model of single trait and multiple traits was estimated by the method of REML using MTDFREML software. The average scores of 23 linear figure traits ranged from 3.93 （fore teat placement） to 7.22 （body size）, and the standard deviations varied from 1.14 （romp width） to 2.40 （rear legs rear view）. Heritability of linear figure trait ranged from 0.03 （bone quality） to 0.37 （rump widlb）. The mean af the score was 79.17, and the standard deviation was 2.67. Heritability estimate for final score was 0.16. Phenotypie correlations among capacity traits ranged from -0.17 （stature and front end） to 0.38 （body size anti body depth）. Genetic correlations among capacity ranged from -0.26 （stature and front end） to 0.71 （body size and front end）. Phenotypic correlations among udder traits were low, ranged from -0.15 （teat length and udder depth） to 0.40 （fore udder atteehment and udder depth）. Genetic correlations among udder traits were high, ranged from -0.67 （fore udder attachment and median suspensory） to 0.99（fore teat placement and rear teal placement）.