太原城市热环境动态演化规律研究

Study on Dynamic Evolvement Process of the Urban Heat Island in Taiyuan

20世纪以来,伴随着城市化进程的加快,越来越多的环境问题突显出来,其中城市热岛现象尤为明显。研究选择全国重要的能源工业城市太原市作为典型案例,从城市热岛时空分布特点入手,分析了城市化过程中城市热岛的变化特征。借助RS、GIS等手段,以太原市1986年、1995年、2001年3个时相的TM/ETM数据为基础,综合分析了城市热岛效应的时空分布特征,从热岛效应影响因素方面来看,城市扩张、工业区建设是城市热岛效应的主要驱动力,城市下垫面性质、人为热、废气排放共同影响热岛强度,而绿地和水体对热岛效应有减弱作用。在此基础上,结合太原市城市建设实际,提出了城市绿地规划布局的主要原则和措施。

Since the 20th century, more and more environmental problems had appeared with the advancement of urbanization. Among those problems,urban heat island phenomenon was specially obvious. Taiyuan city, a national important energy industrial city, was chosen to analysis the characteristics of urban heat island effect in the urbanization process. With the aid of RS,GIS methods, spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of urban heat island effects were analyzed based on the data of Landsat Thematic Mapper （TM） in 1986,1995 and the Enhanced Thematic Mapper （ETM） in 2001 of Taiyuan city. Resuits showed that urban sprawl and industrial district construction were main driving forces of urban heat island effects. Heat island intensity was affected by the nature of urban underlaying surface ,man-made heat and exhaust emission. Greenbelt and water body could weaken urban heat island effects. Some main principles and measures for the city landscape planning were proposed.