盐度对九孔鲍能量收支的影响

Effects of water salinity on energy budget of Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis

以海带为饵料,在不同盐度(21、25、29、33、37、41)条件下,对九孔鲍(Haliotis diver-sicolor aquatilis)进行了摄食-生长实验,测定了摄食能、排粪能、排泄能、粘液能、代谢能、壳能和软体部生长能,各组分占摄食能的比例、总生长效率(K1)和净生长效率(K2),建立了九孔鲍能量收支方程。结果表明:从占摄食能的比例而言,排粪能、排粪能、排泄能、粘液能、代谢能在盐度21与其他盐度之间有显著差异(P<0.05),而从占摄食能的比例而言,软体部能、K1和K2在盐度37时最大,在盐度21时最小,与其他盐度之间有显著差异(P<0.05),而盐度25、29、33和37之间没有显著差异(P>0.05),因此,从鲍摄食、代谢和生长三方面均衡考虑,盐度25～37为鲍适宜养殖的范围。

By using Laminaria japonica as the diet, a feeding and growth experiment was conducted to study the energy budget of Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis （initial body weight 25.96 ±0. 13 g） at salinity 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, and 41. The consumption energy, feces energy, excretion energy, mucus energy, metabolism energy, shell energy, soft tissue growth energy, proportions of these components to consumption energy, total growth efficiency （K1）, and net growth efficiency （K2 ） of test abalones were determined, with the equations of energy budgets established. The proportions of the consumption energy allocated to the feces, excretion, mucus, and metabolism at salinity 21 were significantly higher than those at the salinity 25, 29, 33, 37, and 41 （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The proportion of the consumption energy allocated to soft tissue growth, the total growth efficiency （K1 ）, and the net growth efficiency （K2 ） were the greatest at salinity 37 and the smallest at salinity 21, being significantly different with those at other salinities, while no significant differences were observed between salinity 25, 29, 33 and 41 （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. From the viewpoints of feeding, metabolism, and growth, the appropriate salinity for H. diversicolor aquatilis was 25-37.