国内外老年人长期照护制度研究综述

A Summary of Elderly Long-term Care Institution

国外发达国家老年人长期照护制度随着发达国家人口老龄化趋势的日益加重,已经成为继养老、医疗、失业后的又一重要的社会保障制度。中国在老年人长期照护制度的供给上,无论从体制还是从政策上都十分落后,但是中国的老龄化问题却是日益凸显的社会问题。通过介绍目前国外对于老年人长期照护制度研究的现状,并从老年人正式照护与非正式照护的关系的角度对国外的老年人长期照护制度的文献进行综述,阐述了目前国外老年人长期照护制度研究的最新趋势,指出家庭已经不能独立的解决养老问题,而应由家庭、政府、非营利组织、营利组织共同承担。

Following the pension system, medical security system and unemployment security system, long- term care system has become the important pillar in social security system. This paper points out that the supply of the long - term care institution has fallen behind in the system and the policy and the aging problem in China has become an obvious social problem. It makes a comprehensive survey of the foreign literature on long - term care policy and the relationship between formal care and informal care system, and makes analysis of the new development trend of long- term care institution： It points out that family as informal care providers cannot be the only one in provision of elderly care. Long - term care for the elderly should be shared by family, government, nonprofit organization and profit organization.